San Lorenzo is one of the most characteristic and typical neighborhoods in Florence, located in a central area of the city, between the Cathedral and the Fortezza da Basso. Taking a walk through the ancient streets of this wonderful neighborhood can only start by visiting Piazza San Lorenzo and the Medici Chapels, and then walking on to the Central Market and the Fortezza da Basso.

San Lorenzo district in Florence

The San Lorenzo district in Florence is a place steeped in history and culture at every turn. Its history dates back to antiquity, and it has witnessed profound changes and transformations over the centuries, eventually becoming one of the liveliest and most captivating areas of the city.

The origins of San Lorenzo can be traced back to the Roman period when this part of Florence was known as the “Campus Martius.” During the Middle Ages, the area became an important religious center, thanks to the presence of the Basilica of San Lorenzo, one of Florence’s oldest places of worship. The basilica, with its serene stone facade and interior adorned with Renaissance artworks, has been a spiritual and cultural landmark for centuries.

However, one of the most significant changes in the San Lorenzo district occurred during the Renaissance when Florence was at the center of artistic and cultural fervor. The influence of the Medici, one of Europe’s most powerful families, left an indelible mark on the area. The Medici family commissioned extraordinary artworks and contributed to the development of San Lorenzo as a significant cultural hub. Filippo Brunelleschi’s architectural masterpiece, the Chapel of the Princes within the basilica, stands as a shining example of this Renaissance legacy.

Over the centuries, the San Lorenzo district has also hosted vibrant markets, including the famous San Lorenzo Market, with its stalls selling local products, clothing, souvenirs, and, of course, Tuscan cuisine. This market has become a meeting place for residents and visitors alike, adding dynamic energy to the neighborhood.

In the 19th century, Florence briefly became the capital of Italy, leading to further urban and architectural changes in San Lorenzo. The opening of the Santa Maria Novella railway station in 1848 increased accessibility to the area and contributed to its economic and cultural growth.

Today, San Lorenzo is known for its vibrant atmosphere, fashionable boutiques, historic cafes, and the constant presence of students, thanks to its proximity to the University of Florence. The neighborhood is also renowned for traditional Tuscan cuisine, with numerous restaurants and trattorias offering delicious dishes such as ribollita, pappa al pomodoro, and bistecca alla fiorentina.

What to see in San Lorenzo

Piazza San Lorenzo
In Piazza San Lorenzo there is the Basilica of San Lorenzo, surrounded by leather and clothing stalls in a crowded market. The Basilica of San Lorenzo has ancient origins dating back to 1393, when it was consecrated as a cathedral. The shapeless stone façade contrasts sharply with the harmonious interior elegance.

The Medici Chapels
The Medici Chapels are located in the apse of San Lorenzo and include the Chapel of the Princes and the New Sacristy, the latter funeral chapel of the Medici is considered the masterpiece of Michelangelo.

Central market
The market of San Lorenzo, also known as the Central Market, consists of a large pavilion of iron and glass, built by Giuseppe Mengoni between 1870 and 1874. The market is famous for selling local products and Tuscan salami.

The Fortezza da Basso
The Fortezza da Basso is named by the Florentines to distinguish it from Forte di San Giorgio which is instead located higher up in the hills. The Fortezza da Basso, originally the Fortezza di San Giovanni, was built by Alessandro de ‘Medici in 1534 to defend against any popular uprisings. For this reason it was built in just six months. Today this center operates all year round and has many exhibitions including one of the most important events the “Fiera dell’Artigianato” or “Craft Fair”, which dates back to 1993.